Clinical Insights

Understanding Anxiety in Children and Young People

Anxiety in children and young people does not always look like worry. Some children may become quiet and withdrawn, while others may display frustration, emotional outbursts, avoidance, or changes in behaviour.

Recognising anxiety early can help children access support before it begins affecting school attendance, relationships, confidence, or emotional wellbeing.

Common signs of anxiety

  • Overthinking or excessive worrying
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Emotional outbursts
  • Avoiding school or social situations
  • Physical symptoms such as headaches or stomach aches
  • Needing constant reassurance
  • Irritability or frustration
  • Withdrawal from activities they previously enjoyed

Why anxiety can affect behaviour

Children and young people often struggle to explain emotions verbally. Anxiety can sometimes present through:

  • Avoidance behaviours
  • Emotional dysregulation
  • School refusal
  • Perfectionism
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Low confidence
  • Social withdrawal

Behavioural changes are sometimes a sign that a child is feeling overwhelmed rather than intentionally difficult.

Helpful support strategies

Supporting anxiety in children and young people is not about removing every worry — it is about helping them feel safer, more supported, and more confident managing emotions over time.

Different strategies work for different children, but supportive approaches may include:

  • Maintaining calm and predictable routines
  • Practising slow breathing during moments of overwhelm
  • Encouraging movement and physical activity
  • Using journalling or creative activities to express emotions
  • Encouraging open conversations about worries
  • Breaking overwhelming situations into smaller steps
  • Focusing on emotional safety and reassurance
  • Seeking additional support when needed

Early support can help children and young people feel more confident, understood, and better able to manage anxiety over time.

Support resources

Parents and carers can also speak with a GP, school staff, SENCO, or local CAMHS service if anxiety is affecting a child or young person's wellbeing or daily life.

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